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石斛 Shihu
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Chinese Name |
石斛 |
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Chinese Pinyin |
Shihu |
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English Name |
Noble Dendrobium Stem Herb |
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Latin Pharmaceutical Name |
Dendrobii Caulis |
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Category |
Whole herbs |
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Origin |
The fresh or dried stem of Dendrobium nobile Lindl., Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo, Dendrobium fimbriatum Hook. var. oculatum Hook. (Orchidaceae). |
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Production Regions |
Primarily produced in the Chinese provinces of Guangxi, Yunnan, Zhejiang, Guizhou. |
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Macroscopic Features |
Dendrobium nobile Lindl.: middle and lower portion of stem is flat cylindrical, curved in ‘之-shape’ upward, 18~42cm long, middle diameter is 0.4~1cm, internode is 1.5~6cm long. Externally golden-yellow or greenish-yellow, lustrous, with deep longitudinal groove and longitudinal lines, joint is slightly enlarged, brown, often remains grayish-brown leaf sheath. Light and brittle texture, fractured surface is relatively loose. faint odor, bitter taste.
Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo: thin and long cylindrical, often curved, coiled into clusters or tied into bundles, 11~40cm long, 1~3mm diameter, internode is 0.4~2.3cm long. Externally golden-yellow, lustrous, with thin longitudinal lines. Soft and pliable texture, fractured surface is relatively flat. Leaf sheath is often shorter than the internode, remains circular gap, tasteless or slightly bitter taste.
Dendrobium fimbriatum Hook. var. oculatum Hook.: thin and long cylindrical, upper portion has few branches, 30~150cm long, 2~8mm diameter, 2~4.5cm internode. Externally brownish-yellow, has 8~9 longitudinal grooves. Loose texture, fractured surface is fibrous. faint odor, slightly bitter taste. merchandise often cut in to sections with 1.5~3cm, cut surface is grayish-white. |
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Quality Requirements |
Superior medicinal material is golden-yellow, lustrous, soft and pliable. |
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Properties |
Sweet, Slightly Cold |
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Functions |
Nourishes yin, clears heat, supplements stomach, engenders fluid. Apply to consumption of body fluid caused by febrile disease, vexation with low fever, red tongue and less moss, deficiency of stomach yin, thirst and dry throat, hiccup and lack of food intake, abdominal dull pain, deficiency of kidney yin, blur vision. |
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Technical Terms |
‘Tie pi feng dou’: This refers Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo that has had a portion of its rootlets removed, then is stir-fried and twisted into a spiral shape or a coil shape before being oven-dried. It is also called tie pi feng dou, or er huan shi hu. |
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Remark |
1. Dendrobium nobile is listed in the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) Appendix II. Their trade is allowed but subject to licensing controls.
2. Dendrobium officinale is listed as "Critically endangered" in the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. Also, it is listed in the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) Appendix II. Their trade is allowed but subject to licensing controls.
3. Dendrobium fimbriatum is listed in the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) Appendix II. Their trade is allowed but subject to licensing controls. |
| Link |
 Medicinal Plant Images Database
Chinese Medicinal Formula Images Database
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Permanent URL：https://sys01.lib.hkbu.edu.hk/cmed/mmid/detail.php?pid=B00285 |
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