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Cinnamomum burmannii (C.G.et Th.Ness) Blume
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English Name |
Batavia Cinnamon, Burmann Cinnamon, Padang Cassia |
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Latin name |
Cinnamomum burmannii (C.G.et Th.Ness) Blume |
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Family & Genus |
Lauraceae, Cinnamomum |
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Description |
Evergreen trees, up to 20m tall. Bark smooth, grey brown or dark brown, endodermis red, tastes like cinnamon, branches glabrous. Leaves alternate or nearly opposite; petioles 0.5-1.2cm long, nearly glabrous; blades coriaceous, ovate, oblong or lanceolate, 5.5-10.5cm long, 2-5cm wide, apex shortly acuminate, base broad cuneate, entire, upper part green, bright, lower part pink green, both sides glabrous, ternate veins from base, middle veins and lateral veins in upper part of leaves prominent, convex in lower part, both sides of net veins slightly convex. Panicles axillary or nearly acrogenous, 2-6cm long, with dense grey white pubescence, less flowers, lax, last rachis with 3 flowers, arranged in cymose; flowers bisexual, green white, with grey white pubescence; perianth tube inverted conic; perianth lobes 6, oblong-oval, about 2mm long, apex acute; fertile stamens 9, back side of anthers and filaments pubescent, stamens in the first and second layers 2.5mm long, anthers oblong, 4 chambers, valvular inward, filaments slightly longer than anthers, no glands, stamens in the third layer 2.7mm long, anthers oblong, 4 chambers, valvular outward, filaments slightly longer than anthers, centre with 1 pairs of circular glands; staminodes 3, arrow-shaped, pubescent, located in the innermost layer; ovary nearly spherical, about 1.5mm long, slightly pubescent, style 2mm long, slightly pubescent, stigma discoid. Fruits oval; apex of fruit receptacles teeth-cracked. Flowering: September to December, fruiting: November to next March. |
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Distribution |
Growing in thin forests, jungle, thickets or roadside by streams. Distributed in Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi and Yunnan. The medicinal materials are mainly produced in Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan and etc. |
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Part Used |
Medical part: bark, roots and leaves. Chinese name: bark: Yinxiangpi; roots: Yinxianggen; leaves: Yinxiangye. |
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Harvest & Processing |
Bark: picked off in summer and sun-dried. Roots: excavated in autumn, washed off loam, cut into segments, sun-dried; or stripped root coat and sun-dried. Leaves: harvested in autumn and sun-dried. |
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Chemistry |
Bark contains volatile oils, mainly cinnamaldehyde; also eugenol and safrole, etc. Leaves contain volatile oils, mainlyeugenol, linalool; also citral, methylheptenone, citronellol and camphene, etc. |
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Pharmacology |
Anti-ulcerative, anti-yangxu (deficiency of yang). |
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Properties & Actions |
Bark, root, leaves: pungent, little sweet, warm.Bark: warming spleen for suppressing pains, dispelling wind and cold, removing toxin for detumescence and relieving hemorrhage. Roots: warming spleen for activating qi-flowing and suppressing pains. Leaves: dispelling pathogenic wind and removing dampness, relieving diarrhea and relieving hemorrhage. |
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Indications & Usage |
Bark: cold gastralgia, diarrhea and stomachache, poor appetite, anemofrigid-damp arthralgia, pain in loin and legs, injuries caused by falls, traumatic hemorrhage, ulcer, furuncle and swelling toxicity. Root: cold epigastric pain, qi-stagnating cardiodynia, watery diarrhea. Leaves: itchy skin eruptions, rheumatic arthralgia, diarrhea, abdominal pain due to dysentery, constipation due to cold, swelling toxicity, and external hemorrhage.Bark: oral administration: decocting, 6-9g; or powdered, 1.5-3g every time. External application: appropriate amount, powdered for application after mixed with wine; or made as medicinal liquor for erasing. Roots: oral administration: decocting, 3-9g. Leaves: oral administration: decocting, 3-6g. External application: appropriate amount, powdered for application or decocted for washing. |
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Examples |
1. Cold gastralgia: batavia cinnamon bark 9g. Decoct in water and swallow.
2. Watery diarrhea, gastralgia: batavia cinnamon root peel 3-9g. Decoct in water and swallow.
3. Traumatic hemorrhage: (Batavia cinnamon) leaves, grind into a powder, apply to the affected lesions. |
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