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植物來源 |
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生物活性 |
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鑑定 |
熔點 |
八水氫氧化鋇: 82°C; 二水合物: 171°C |
| 旋光度 |
[α]19D-82.1 (乙醇) |
1HNMR
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| 分析方法 |
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| 儀器 |
矽膠G 板 (Qingdao Marine Chemical Inc.) |
| 流動相 |
甲醇-丁酮-氯仿-水-甲酸 (4.0: 6.0: 6.0: 1.0: 0.5) |
| 檢測器 |
UV λ365 nm, 含5% 氯化鋁的乙醇, 105°C 加熱顯色 |
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| 儀器 |
HPLC Waters 2690分離模板 (四元泵, 在線脫氣機, 自動進樣器和100 µL回路, 柱溫箱), 及光電二極管數組檢測器 (PDA) (Model Waters 996) |
| 色譜柱 |
Merck 分析色譜柱, Lichrospher®100, RP-18 (5 µm particle size, 250 × 4 mm i.d.), 25°C |
| 流動相 |
A: 乙腈, B: 水, 0-8 min 23% A, 8-15 min 23-65% A 線性, 15-20 min 65-70% A 線性, 20-21 min 70-23% A 線性, 21-22 min 23% A, 1 mL/min, 進樣量: 20 µL |
| 檢測器 |
UV λ280 nm |
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| 儀器 |
HPLC 系統 (Varian, Palo Alto, CA, USA) 及溶劑泵 (Model 2510), 可變波長 UV-Vis 檢測器 (Model 2550), 手動進樣器和20-µl 回路 (Rheodyne, Cotati, CA, USA) 及整合器 (Model 4290) |
| 色譜柱 |
Macherey Nagel Nucleosil C8 分析柱 (250 × 4.6 mm I.D., 5 µm) (Rigas Labs, Thessaloniki, Greece), 保護柱 (20 × 4.6 mm I.D.) 乾燥薄膜ODS 填充 (37-53 µm) (Whatman, Kent, UK); 34°C |
| 流動相 |
四氫呋喃: 水: 乙酸 = 21: 77: 2, v/v/v, 0.85 mL/min |
| 檢測器 |
UV λ280 nm |
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| 儀器 |
Agilent 6430 三重四極杆 LC/MS 系統 (Agilent Technologies Inc., Santa Clara, CA, USA) |
| 流動相 |
水: 已經 = 50: 50 (v/v), 0.3 mL/min |
| 檢測器 |
多反應監視模式 (MRM) 及 ESI 源負離子模式, 毛細管 4000 V, 霧化氣 35 psi, 乾燥氣流速10 L/min, 350°C |
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| 樣品製備 |
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方法一 |
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2000 ml 80% 乙醇超聲提取樣品40 min. 提取兩次. 合幷, 4000 rpm 離心 20 min. 50°C 蒸幹. 2000 ml ddH2O 溶解得粗提物. 過 D101 大孔吸附樹脂柱 (16 × 200 mm). BV: 20 ml; 2 mL/min. 4BV 的 ddH2O 沖洗去雜質. 乙醇梯度洗脫 (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 4BV). C 收集, 用 HPLC 分析. 合幷, 50°C 真空蒸幹. HSCCC 純化粗提粉末 (RCE) |
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HSCCC 儀 (TBE-300A, Shanghai Tauto Biotech. Co., Ltd, China) 及 ÄKTA FPLC™ (GE Healthcare Life Sciences) |
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氯仿-甲醇-正丁醇-水 = 4: 3: 1: 2, v/v |
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20 mL/min; 800 rpm; 下相: 2 mL/min |
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UV λ280 nm |
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方法二 |
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樣品打粉, 100 ml 純水或 95% (v/v) 乙醇提取. |
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沸騰水浴回流提取 5 小時. 過濾, 浸入水或乙醇. 回流提取 3 小時, 去掉雜質. 合幷, 40°C 減壓濃縮. 溶解于水或乙醇中. |
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| 參考文獻 |
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[1]
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He, J., et al. (2013). "A sensitive LC–MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of six flavonoids in rat plasma: Application to a pharmacokinetic study of total flavonoids from mulberry leaves." Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 84(0): 189-195. |
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[2]
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Chen, L.-l., et al. (2011). "Osteogenic effect of Drynariae rhizoma extracts and Naringin on MC3T3-E1 cells and an induced rat alveolar bone resorption model." Archives of Oral Biology 56(12): 1655-1662. |
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[3]
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Zhang, J., et al. (2012). "Purification of naringin and neohesperidin from Huyou (Citrus changshanensis) fruit and their effects on glucose consumption in human HepG2 cells." Food Chemistry 135(3): 1471-1478. |
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[4]
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Ramesh, E. and A. A. Alshatwi (2013). "Naringin induces death receptor and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in human cervical cancer (SiHa) cells." Food and Chemical Toxicology 51(0): 97-105. |
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[5]
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Singh, D., et al. (2004). "Protective effect of naringin, a bioflavonoid on ferric nitrilotriacetate-induced oxidative renal damage in rat kidney." Toxicology 201(1–3): 1-8. |
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[6]
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Luo, Y.-L., et al. (2012). "Naringin attenuates enhanced cough, airway hyperresponsiveness and airway inflammation in a guinea pig model of chronic bronchitis induced by cigarette smoke." International Immunopharmacology 13(3): 301-307. |
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[7]
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Seo, H.-J., et al. (2003). "Role of naringin supplement in regulation of lipid and ethanol metabolism in rats." Life Sciences 73(7): 933-946. |
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[8]
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Jang, Y., et al. (2013). "Ghrelin receptor is activated by naringin and naringenin, constituents of a prokinetic agent Poncirus fructus." Journal of Ethnopharmacology 148(2): 459-465. |
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[9]
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Deng, T., et al. (2013). "TLC identification and assay methods of Gushudan capsules." Shenyang Yaoke Daxue Xuebao 30(3): 186-191, 204. |
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[10]
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Ribeiro, I. A. and M. H. L. Ribeiro (2008). "Naringin and naringenin determination and control in grapefruit juice by a validated HPLC method." Food Control 19(4): 432-438. |
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[11]
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Kanaze, F. I., et al. (2003). "Simultaneous reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of diosmin, hesperidin and naringin in different citrus fruit juices and pharmaceutical formulations." Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 33(2): 243-249. |
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| 連結 |
 中藥材圖像數據庫
藥用植物圖像數據庫
中藥標本數據庫
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